At https://dailygalaxy.com/2025/07/ancient-footprints-found-on-a-beach/ … a discovery of footprints at Monet Clerigo in Portugal has been dated to roughly 78,000 years ago. However, the footprints, in size and shape, are indistinguishable from those of modern humans. Yet, they must be those of Neanderthals as modern humans did not turn up in Europe prior to 50,000 years ago. The footprints are overlapped by those of large mammals and the assumption is, they were out hunting for dinner. What else might Neanderthal footprints and mammals suggest? All the footprints show is movement towards, and away, from what is now the sea shore.
At https://phys.org/news/2025-07-submerged-migration-routes-redraw-humans.html … Jerome Dobson of the University of Kansas, specialises in submerged regions of the world that were formerly above sea level. He has recently utilised his knowledge in a search for migratory routes Out of Africa, based on the assumption modern humans evolved in what is now the Sudan. The research, however, is based on glacial isostatic adjustment of historical sea levels. This is based on the idea sea levels have risen, principally, as a result of ice melt. He then takes this as a starting point – in the belief such migratory routes are now submerged.
While that is in all probability quite true, what if those sea levels had nothing to do with melting glaciers – particularly at the end of the Late Glacial Maximum. What if it involved a movement in Earth’s geoid and a rearrangement of the ocean basins. What if it also involved a pole shift which would also mean a shift in the equator and therefore the equatorial bulge. In one instant Lake Titicaca, a coastal lagoon, may have been lifted high up into what is now the Andes. This is what has been found – see the Wiki for confirmation. Could ice melt achieve such a feat?