Robert sent in two link. At https://phys.org/news/2025-02-discovery-huge-amounts-helium-earth.html …. but see also the arXiv server at https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2405.11810 … where researchers from Japan and Taiwan have discovered there could be huge amounts of helium in the core of the Earth. This was delivered by experiment as helium can bond with iron under high pressure. The core contains a lot of iron – it is thought.
Robert also sent in the link https://phys.org/news/2025-02-spiral-oort-cloud.html … a spiral structure in the Oort Cloud, is posited. However, a good deal of modelling was involved. Hence, the word may hangs heavily. Previously, it has been thought to be composed of ice balls floating in space far from the influence of the Sun. However, it was recognised the Sun played a role as far as gravitation affecting the Oort cloud was concerned. Occsionally, it was also thought, the odd ice ball escaped from the cloud to become a long period comet. Now, we have a clue on what the cloud of ice balls may look like, as outlined in another post on the arXiv preprint server. One to peruse with a beady eye – go to https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2502.11252 … where it is suggested it forms a spiral disk offset to the ecliptic. It also has two spiral arms that make it look like a galaxy.
Robert comments, helium is not only associated with volcanic eruptions, drawing material up from the deep, but helium has an association with hydrocarbons – as in fossil fuels, or oil to be more specific. Why is helium asscociated with hydrocarbon deposits? Are they really composed of squashed and liquified vegetation, and shell fish and marine life, dating back many millions of years ago. Robert then refers to Thomas Gold who suggested hydrocarbons may have formed at deep levels. He then referred to chondrite meteorites – containing helium, and to an article on the subject by T Gold, ‘The Deep, Hot Biosphere‘ which was published by PNAS back in July of 1992. He did not really say much about the Oort Cloud as it involved modelling.