Over at https://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2023/08/04/record-breaking-detection-of-solar-photons/ … the Sun is more surprising than we hitherto knew. It has long been known that cosmic rays go up when solar activity goes down, and vice versa. Observations, recently, have shown that the Sun emits many more gamma rays at GeV margins than is expected from modeling exercises. New research has now shown these gamma rays can extend up to TeV energies. It seems solar gamma rays are produced when high energy cosmic rays head towards the Sun’s surface and they are turned around by the solar magnetic field. This is of course at its highest point, during solar maximum, the mid point of the solar 11 year cycle. As these particles move away from the Sun they interact with gas in the solar atmosphere to create gamma rays. The gas is largely plasma, a term to describe electrified gases. TeV = one trillion electron volts.
Currently, the discovery creates more questions that require clarification. Solar scientists will now scratch their heads over how exactly these gamma rays achieve such high energies and what role the Sun’s magnetic field may play. See https://phys.org/news/2023-08-scientists-highest-energy-sun.html … and https://cosmicrays.oulu.fi … for cosmic ray monthly averages. Catweazel comments on Tall Blokes talking shop, so another load of dodgy models based on incorrect assumptions bites the dust … don’t you just love all this settled science [but see the actual research paper at https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.051201 … and make up your own opinion. Solar scientists are learning such a large amount of new information that it is on the brink of an entire rethink on how the Sun may work.